What is the term for a lower than normal sodium level?

Hyponatremia refers to a lower than normal level of sodium in the blood. Sodium is an essential electrolyte that helps regulate water balance, nerve function, and muscle contractions. When sodium levels drop below the normal range, it can lead to a variety of health issues, including confusion, seizures, and muscle cramps.

Understanding this term is important in veterinary medicine, as imbalances in electrolytes can significantly impact the health and recovery of pets. Recognizing hyponatremia allows veterinary professionals to take appropriate measures, such as fluid therapy or dietary adjustments, to restore normal sodium levels and prevent complications.

The other terms listed relate to different electrolyte imbalances: hypernatremia indicates an elevated sodium level, hypocalcemia refers to low calcium levels, and hyperkalemia signifies high potassium levels. Each of these conditions has its own set of causes and implications that are distinct from hyponatremia.